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Cracks in the Foundation

The Future of Democracy Prize Winner
September 2, 2026

Christopher Watts is a Future of Democracy Prize winner. This essay is part of Democracy Defenders Fund’s anthology of young voices grappling with a defining question: What will it take for democracy not only to survive, but to thrive?

Imagine standing before a house that has sheltered multigenerational families. At first glance, it appears intact. The roof still stands and the windows catch the morning light. But behind the door, a system is quietly, methodically removing every brick, chiseling names off the mantle, burning the blueprint, leaving the labor unacknowledged. The house still stands, but cracks in the walls are spreading and its collapse has begun.

This is the state of American democracy. Enormous contributions are being consistently and methodically erased. The disenfranchisement of Black, Indigenous, and other communities of color is not a relic of the past, strictly confined to textbooks and commemorative months. Democracy cannot survive, let alone thrive, while one of its foundational communities is systematically silenced. To understand how that silencing works, we have to trace the line between three forces that look separate on paper but function as one: voter suppression, the erasure of historical truth, and the dismantling of inclusion.

The first crack is the weakening of voting rights. Currently, many states have enacted voter suppression laws that target communities of color, reducing polling places in Black and Brown neighborhoods, imposing strict ID requirements that disproportionately burden low-income voters, and purging voter rolls under the guise of election integrity. The recent history of the Voting Rights Act demonstrates how quickly voter protections can weaken. 

In Shelby County v. Holder (2013), the Supreme Court invalidated the formula used to determine which jurisdictions were subject to federal preclearance, effectively removing a central mechanism for preventing discriminatory voting changes before they took effect. In April 2026, the Court went further with Louisiana vs. Callais. In a 6-3 decision, the Court ruled that Louisiana’s electoral map, which created an additional majority Black congressional district, constituted an unconstitutional racial gerrymander. Justice Elena Kagan’s dissent warned that the decision rendered Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act “all but a dead letter,” leaving Black voters without protection even where a state has denied them any opportunity to elect representatives of their choice. The consequences of that decision were immediate. Louisiana’s governor suspended the state’s congressional primary the following day, even though more than 100,000 voters had already cast early ballots. None of this is by accident. It follows the blueprint laid out in Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise, better known as Project 2025. Suppression no longer wears a hood. It wears a suit and calls itself policy.

The second crack is the deliberate removal of historical knowledge from classrooms. A democracy depends on citizens understanding how their government works. Future generations risk not understanding how democracy functions or learning who helped build this diverse nation. Books are increasingly being challenged or banned, and teachers in some states are told not to discuss race, racism, and slavery to avoid “divisive concepts.” PEN America recorded close to 7,000 instances of book bans during the 2024-2025 school year across twenty-three states. PEN America’s research in 2026 found that 44 percent of banned titles were by authors of color and LGBTQ+ people and 29 percent were nonfiction, including books on history, biographies, and real events. Some of the most notable banned books include 1984 by George Orwell and The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. Since 2021, PEN America has documented nearly 23,000 instances of book bans, with most of them the bans occurring in Florida, Texas, and Tennessee. When events like Reconstruction, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Trail of Tears are sanitized, it is an educational failure and a calculated political strategy. Ensuring one group maintains dominance by limiting knowledge to keep marginalized groups silent and ignorant of their power is not a new tactic.

The third crack is the dismantling of inclusion. Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) has been recast in recent political discourse and framed as something unfair. To the contrary, DEI policies in schools, workplaces, and government create conditions that allow every voice to be heard. The policies were created because the default systems do not naturally produce equal opportunities. 

The Future of Democracy Anthology

September 2, 2026

Read the anthology

Collaborative research on collective problem solving by economist Scott Page and mathematician Lu Hong found that randomly assembled groups of diverse problem solvers can outperform groups of the highest-performing problem solvers. Similarly, Columbia University’s Katherine Phillips found that diverse teams make better decisions, catch blind spots that homogenous groups miss, and arrive at more accurate conclusions. The pattern holds at the economic level, too. Studying U.S. cities between 1970 and 1990, economists Gianmaro Ottaviano and Giovanni Peri found greater cultural diversity was associated with higher wages and productivity for native-born workers. Societies that invest in equity see stronger civic participation and, when people feel included, that participation builds trust in institutions.

For U.S. democracy to thrive, we the people must act on two fronts: stopping the active dismantling of protections for communities of color while rebuilding the architecture of inclusion. Congress should pass the John Lewis Voting Rights Advancement Act to restore full federal voting rights protections against the patchwork of state laws designed to suppress them. States must preserve real American history in their classrooms, so the next generation learns the truth about this country’s history. Governments at every level need to fund equity initiatives that rebuild trust, boost participation, and generate a sense of belonging. And, above all, they must recognize that the strength of American democracy flows from its most marginalized—from the Indigenous nations whose government structures influenced the framers, to the enslaved people whose forced labor built the Capitol, to the civil rights foot soldiers who forced the country to live up to its founding words. These are not three separate campaigns competing for attention. They are three supporting walls of the house. 

The house can still be saved, but there is a lot of work to do. Every house that has been rebuilt in American history was rebuilt by the people. The freedmen and freedwomen who built Reconstruction’s schools and statehouses did not wait for permission. The organizers of Freedom Summer did not wait for the law to catch up before teaching children Black history and constitutional rights. As we celebrate the country’s 250th anniversary, we the people need to rebuild America, brick by brick, amendment by amendment, classroom by classroom. American democracy has always been strongest when all of its citizens participate. Saving democracy may require disruption, sacrifice, and courage. But to rescue the house, we must stop ignoring the cracks in the foundation and start rebuilding as if the whole house depends on it.

Bibliography

Dans, Paul, and Steven Groves, eds. Mandate for Leadership: The Conservative Promise. Washington, DC: Heritage Foundation, 2023. https://static.heritage.org/project2025/2025_MandateForLeadership_FULL.pdf.

Hong, Lu, and Scott E. Page. “Groups of Diverse Problem Solvers Can Outperform Groups of High-Ability Problem Solvers.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101, no. 46 (2004): 16385–89.

Louisiana v. Callais, 608 U.S. (2026).

Ottaviano, Gianmarco I. P., and Giovanni Peri. “The Economic Value of Cultural Diversity: Evidence from US Cities.” Journal of Economic Geography 6, no. 1 (2006): 9–44.

PEN America. Banned in the USA: The Normalization of Book Banning. New York: PEN America, 2025. https://pen.org/report/the-normalization-of-book-banning/.

Phillips, Katherine W. “How Diversity Makes Us Smarter.” Scientific American, October 1, 2014.

Shelby County v. Holder, 570 U.S. 529 (2013).